Walking tractor
Small tractors are suitable for the current purchasing power and use conditions of small-scale agricultural operations and have strong vitality. Small tractors include walking tractors and small four-wheel tractors. At the end of 1993, there were more than 80 factories producing small tractor products in China, producing 855,000 small tractors, including more than 382,000 walking tractors.
(I) Large walking tractors
For many years, 8.8 kW (12 horsepower) walking tractors have been the main selling products in the walking sales market. The sales market is mainly in Central and South China, East China, and Southwest China. The demand for walking tractors in Northwest China, Northwest China, Northeast China, and North China is relatively small. The leading products of walking tractors are still four 8.8 kW (12 horsepower) finalized products, namely Dongfeng-12, Gongnong-12K, and Hongwei-12. With the development of the situation, the future development trend of small tractors is to extend upward to 11 kW (15 horsepower) and 13.2 kW (18 horsepower), and downward to 4.4 kW (6 horsepower) and 5.9 kW (8 horsepower).
(II) Small and medium-sized walking tractors
Medium-sized generally refers to 4.4-5.9 kilowatts (6-8 horsepower); small-sized generally refers to 2.2-3.7 kilowatts (3-5 horsepower). In the 1980s, with the reform of the rural economic system and the implementation of the contract responsibility system, the demand for small and medium-sized walking tractors increased rapidly. The main types of small walking tractors are GN-31, Danxia-4, Changjiang-51, Changjiang-31, Jiangxi TY-81, etc.
Wheeled tractors
In 1993, there were 13 large and medium-sized tractor manufacturers, producing 16 types of tractors, including: 14 wheeled types, 2 crawler types, 2 log collection types, and 3 agricultural four-wheel drive types, with power ranging from 18.4 to 58.9 kilowatts (25 to 80 horsepower). The annual output was 47,000 units, of which wheeled tractors accounted for 64% and crawler tractors accounted for 36%. Small four-wheel tractors refer to small wheeled tractors with a power of 8.8 to 11 kilowatts (12 to 15 horsepower). There are more than 60 manufacturers with an annual output of 421,000 units. In 1993, the national agricultural machinery company system sold 38,500 large and medium-sized tractors and 351,000 walk-behind tractors.
(I) Small four-wheel tractors
Small four-wheel tractors have been produced and used in my country for more than 20 years. In 1993, the number of small tractors in stock was 3.71 million, accounting for 47% of the total number of small tractors. Because it adapts to the current rural production system and helps short-distance transportation in rural areas, it has developed rapidly in recent years. There are 7 basic types and more than 60 models of small four-wheel tractor products. The main models include Taishan-12, Changchun-15, Xingtai-120/140, Gongnong-12C, Dongfanghong-150/170/180, Tieniu-120, Changchun-15, Jiangsu-120/150, Songjiang-12, Jianghuai-12, Hebei-150, Wutaishan-150, Tianshui-15, Xinjiang-150, etc. Small four-wheel tractors are developing from 8.8 kW to 11 kW and 13.2 kW. In terms of structure, some models have changed from belt drive to direct full gear drive. The 13.2 kW small four-wheel tractors include Fengshou-180/184, TY-180, Jinma-180, etc.
(II) 18.4-29.4 kW (25-40 HP) wheeled tractors
The 18.4 kW (25 HP) wheeled tractor is a variant of the original Dongfanghong-20 wheeled tractor designed by my country for the first time in the mid-to-late 1960s. The main manufacturers and models are: Shandong Tractor Factory produces Taishan-25 tractors mainly for dryland operations; Hubei Tractor Factory produces Shenniu-25 tractors mainly for paddy field operations and for both wet and dry fields; Ningbo Tractor Factory produces four-wheel drive Benye-254 tractors. Models derived from this level include the 22 kW (30 HP) Taishan-300 and Shenniu-30 tractors. China's First Tractor Engineering Machinery Company introduced the 19.1-29.4 kW (26-40 HP) wheeled tractors of the 800 and 900RS/DT series of the Italian Goldoni Company. In addition, there is the Changchun-400 model, a modified product of the original Dongfanghong-28 (20.6 kW) wheeled tractor. It is equipped with a 495A-5 diesel engine produced by Shanghai Internal Combustion Engine Factory, with the front and rear tires changed, and the power increased to 29.4 kW (40 hp) without changing most of the original chassis parts.
(III) 36.8-47.8 kW (50-65 hp) wheeled tractors
The main manufacturers and models are: Shanghai-50 tractors for both water and land use produced by Shanghai Tractor Factory, the fourth modification is the Shanghai-50N model, and there is a Shanghai-504 four-wheel drive variant. Newly developed products include the introduction of Fiat (45-60 hp) tractors. The Tieniu-55C wheeled tractor produced by Tianjin Tractor Factory is the factory's leading product. Its variants include the 55G loader, 55H roller, 55CW excavator, etc. The Tieniu-650 wheeled tractor, a new product that has undergone major improvements on the basis of the Tieniu-55, has its power increased from 40.4 kilowatts (55 horsepower) to 47.8 (65 horsepower). Tianjin Tractor Factory also introduced the 2140 and 3140 tractors (80-100 horsepower) from Deere & Co. of the United States. The Changchun-1140CN tractor (40 horsepower) produced by Changchun Tractor Factory.
